The genome sequence of the bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens will be published in the December 12 issue of the journal Science. The genetic code of this tiny microorganism may hold the answers to some of DOE's most difficult cleanup problems and to generating power through bio-based energy sources. The collaborative research by scientists at the University of Massachusetts and The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) was supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research. Geobacter microbes are commonly found in contaminated subsurface environments. These bacteria can precipitate a wide range of radionuclides and metals (including uranium, technetium, chromium, and even gold) from groundwater, thus removing contaminants from the aqueous phase and reducing risk to humans and the environment. The genome codes for all the biochemical "parts" from which Geobacter cells are built, and this knowledge should allow researchers to harness the catalytic power of this microbe in a process known as bioremediation. Geobacter is also of strong interest to the DOE because of its ability to create an electrical current in a "bio-battery." The genome sequence revealed over 100 genes that encode for c-type cytochrome proteins that facilitate electron transfer and metal reduction. Genome data also showed that Geobacter can sense and move toward metallic substances. The genome sequence and the additional research that it makes possible will lead to new strategies and biotechnologies for cleaning up metal and radionuclide-contaminated groundwater at DOE sites and for generating energy.

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12/3/03